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Epiphytic microorganisms and IAA synthesis.

D Chandramohan1, A Mahadevan

  • 1Microbiology Laboratory, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India.

Planta
|February 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Cotton epiphytic microorganisms produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan. However, plant IAA levels are not influenced by microbial synthesis due to nutrient limitations and auxin degradation.

Area of Science:

  • Plant-microbe interactions
  • Microbial metabolism
  • Plant hormone synthesis

Background:

  • Epiphytic microorganisms on cotton plants can synthesize plant hormones.
  • Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a crucial plant hormone regulating growth.
  • Understanding microbial contributions to plant hormone levels is vital for agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synthesis of 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) by epiphytic microorganisms on cotton.
  • To determine the influence of microbial IAA synthesis on the plant's endogenous IAA content.
  • To elucidate the factors limiting microbial contribution to plant auxin levels.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of IAA synthesis by microorganisms from cotton root and shoot zones.
  • Treatment of plant tissues with mercuric chloride to assess IAA synthesis activity.

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  • Analysis of IAA accumulation from external sources.
  • Evaluation of tryptophan availability and auxin degradation by microflora.

    • Main Results:

    • Epiphytic microorganisms synthesized IAA from tryptophan, with root zone microbes producing significantly more than shoot zone microbes.
    • IAA synthesis activity was inhibited by mercuric chloride treatment.
    • Exogenously applied IAA did not accumulate within the plant tissues.
    • Microbial IAA synthesis did not increase plant IAA content due to limited tryptophan, auxin destruction by microflora, and polar auxin transport.

    Conclusions:

    • Cotton epiphytic microorganisms, particularly in the root zone, are capable of synthesizing substantial amounts of IAA.
    • Despite high microbial IAA production, endogenous plant IAA levels are not significantly affected.
    • Factors such as substrate availability, microbial degradation, and plant transport mechanisms limit the impact of epiphytic microbial IAA synthesis on cotton plants.