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Peak insertion torque values of five mini-implant systems under different insertion loads.

Erma Quraishi1, Martyn Sherriff1, Dirk Bister1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, UK School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

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Summary

Higher insertion loads increase the risk of bending and fracturing self-drilling mini-implants, particularly tapered designs. Non-tapered mini-implants demonstrated higher torque resistance before fracture.

Keywords:
Mini-implantsinsertion loadsorthodonticspressuretemporary anchorage devicestorque

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontic biomechanics
  • Implantology
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Self-drilling mini-implants are widely used in orthodontics for anchorage.
  • Understanding factors influencing mini-implant stability and fracture is crucial for clinical success.
  • Insertion load is a critical parameter affecting mini-implant performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of 1 kg and 3 kg insertion loads on the peak insertion torque of five different self-drilling mini-implant brands.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mini-implant fracture during insertion.

Main Methods:

  • Forty mini-implants from five manufacturers (Dual Top, Infinitas, Ortho Easy, Spider Screw, Vector TAS) were tested.
  • Insertion was performed into acrylic blocks at 8 rpm using a Motorized Torque Measurement Stand.
  • Two distinct insertion loads (1 kg and 3 kg) were applied.

Main Results:

  • Vector TAS, Ortho Easy, and Dual Top exhibited the highest peak insertion torque values.
  • Infinitas and Spider Screws showed significantly lower torque values, nearly three times lower than the highest performers.
  • Tapered designs (Spider Screw, Infinitas) tended to buckle and fracture at the tip, while non-tapered designs fractured at higher torque.

Conclusions:

  • Non-tapered mini-implants fracture at higher torque values than tapered designs.
  • Increased insertion pressure (3 kg vs 1 kg) slightly elevated fracture torque but significantly increased the risk of bending in tapered designs.
  • Clinical relevance of increased pressure is limited, but bending risk in tapered designs is a concern.