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Related Concept Videos

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

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In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
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Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

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Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
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Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

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Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
279
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

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Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
116
Drug Toxicity: Overview01:00

Drug Toxicity: Overview

295
Drug toxicity quantifies the harm a compound causes to an organism, varying by dose and potentially impacting whole systems or specific organs like the liver. Toxic reactions may arise from venomous insect or spider bites, with effects ranging from mild symptoms to severe outcomes such as brain damage or death. Common forms of acute poisoning include ethanol intoxication and overdose of pain or fever medications, with substances like GHB and heroin being particularly lethal at doses close to...
295
Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

175
Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
175

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
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[Acute poisoning in adults].

L Weidhase1, H Hentschel, L Mende

  • 1Department für Innere Medizin, Neurologie und Dermatologie, Interdisziplinäre Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland, lorenz.weidhase@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.

Der Internist
|February 14, 2014
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Summary

Acute poisoning, often involving pharmaceuticals in adults, requires prompt diagnosis through history and examination. Emergency treatment focuses on stabilizing vital functions, with poisons centers aiding hazard assessment and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Toxicology

Context:

  • Acute poisoning is a common emergency department presentation.
  • Pharmaceuticals are the most frequent cause of poisoning in adults.

Purpose:

  • To outline diagnostic and management strategies for acute poisoning.
  • To emphasize the importance of clinical assessment and supportive care.

Summary:

  • Diagnosis relies on detailed medical history and clinical examination.
  • Urine drug screening and blood alcohol levels are valuable adjuncts.
  • Management prioritizes securing vital organ functions and involves poisons center consultation.

Impact:

  • Provides a framework for managing poisoning emergencies.
  • Highlights limitations in evidence for elimination methods and antidote availability.