Pooling samples for "top-down" molecular exposomics research: the methodology

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Toxicology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Exposomics aims to identify environmental risk factors for diseases.
• The "top-down" approach measures the molecular exposome using body fluid analytes.
• High costs and workload limit current exposomics studies due to sample size and analytical method requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a sample pooling strategy to reduce complexity in exposomics research.
• To combine general unknown/multi-targeted screening with targeted analysis.
• To validate the sample pooling method using computer simulations.

Main Methods:

• A sample pooling strategy was developed.
• Combined screening approaches (general unknown/multi-targeted and targeted analysis) were integrated.
• Computer simulations were used to test the sample pooling method.

Main Results:

• Comprehensive analysis of pooled samples can identify environmental risk factors.
• Screening involves initial analysis in pooled case/control populations, followed by subpopulation samples.
• A minimum of five pools per 30 individuals is suggested for sample grouping.

Conclusions:

• Sample pooling is an effective strategy for exposomics research.
• This method offers a hypothesis-free approach for screening pollutant risks.
• The strategy helps reduce the cost and workload associated with exposomics studies.