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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells

An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells

Published on: May 21, 2019

Refining microRNA target predictions: sorting the wheat from the chaff.

William Ritchie¹, John E J Rasko¹

¹Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenarym Institute, University of Sydney, Locked Bag No 6, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|February 15, 2014

Summary

Accurately predicting microRNA targets is crucial for understanding microRNA function. This review covers computational methods, resources, and experimental validation techniques for identifying microRNA gene targets.

Keywords:

Bioinformatics gene regulation microRNA target prediction

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Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

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Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes

Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes

Published on: April 12, 2015

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Bioinformatics

Background:

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
Accurate identification of miRNA targets is fundamental to elucidating miRNA functions in cellular processes and disease.
Computational predictions suggest widespread miRNA regulation across the human genome, with individual miRNAs potentially targeting numerous genes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and discuss computational methods for identifying mammalian miRNA targets.
To outline strategies for refining computational predictions for experimental validation.
To describe available miRNA target prediction resources and databases.

Main Methods:

Discussion of various computational algorithms and approaches for miRNA target prediction.
Integration of computational predictions with experimental validation techniques (e.g., luciferase assays, Ago-CLIP).
Overview of curated miRNA target prediction databases and their underlying methodologies.

Main Results:

Computational methods offer powerful tools for predicting potential miRNA-target interactions.
A combination of prediction algorithms and experimental validation is necessary for reliable target identification.
Numerous online resources and databases are available to aid researchers in miRNA target prediction and validation.

Conclusions:

Computational prediction of miRNA targets is essential for functional genomics research.
Effective validation requires integrating diverse computational and experimental approaches.
The described resources and methods facilitate the study of miRNA-mediated gene regulation.