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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Visual System01:26

Visual System

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
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Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II01:30

Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II

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Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
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Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
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Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

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Recovery and rehabilitation of visual cortical dysfunction.

S W Anderson1, M Rizzo2

  • 1Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Psychology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Neurorehabilitation
|February 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Damage to the human cerebral cortex can cause visual impairments, affecting daily activities. While many recover naturally, some experience lasting deficits in visual discrimination, highlighting the need for rehabilitation research.

Keywords:
Perceptual discriminationStrokeVisual fieldsVisual perception

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Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Cortical damage from stroke or TBI leads to diverse visual perceptual impairments.
  • These impairments significantly impact daily functioning and rehabilitation engagement.
  • Understanding recovery and rehabilitation is crucial for patients with cortical visual defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cortically-based visual impairments, focusing on recovery and rehabilitation.
  • To present longitudinal data on visuoperceptual discrimination recovery after stroke.
  • To identify the need for evidence-based rehabilitation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cortically-based visual impairments.
  • Longitudinal study of 25 stroke patients with cortical damage.
  • Assessment of visuoperceptual discrimination recovery over time.

Main Results:

  • Most patients with stroke-induced cortical damage showed good recovery of visuoperceptual discrimination.
  • Approximately one-third of patients had significant chronic impairments.
  • Natural recovery occurred frequently, but specific interventions may be needed for some.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical visual impairments are common after stroke and TBI.
  • While natural recovery is typical, chronic deficits persist in a subset of patients.
  • Further research into validated rehabilitation methods for visual impairments is essential.