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Xerophthalmia--a potential epidemic on our doorstep?
S McLaughlin1, J Welch1, E MacDonald1
1Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
Eye (London, England)
|February 15, 2014
Summary
Xerophthalmia, an eye condition from vitamin A deficiency, is treatable with oral supplements. Early diagnosis and treatment of hypovitaminosis A can prevent vision loss.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Xerophthalmia, a spectrum of ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency, is common in developing nations but rare in developed countries.
- In developed nations, causes include fat malabsorption and deranged vitamin A metabolism (e.g., chronic liver disease, alcoholism).
- The study investigated the prevalence of hypovitaminosis A within a hospital department.
Observation:
- Patients presenting with hypovitaminosis A were identified.
- Oral vitamin A supplementation was administered to affected patients.
Findings:
- Biochemical testing confirmed hypovitaminosis A in all patients.
- Patients showed dramatic improvement and better visual outcomes following vitamin A supplementation.
Implications:
- Prompt recognition and treatment of xerophthalmia can lead to rapid recovery and prevent significant visual morbidity.
- The prevalence of xerophthalmia is predicted to rise in developed countries, particularly due to alcoholic liver disease.
- Raising awareness of this public health issue may help mitigate future prevalence.
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