Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Patient-centered Care01:13

Patient-centered Care

3.1K
Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
3.1K
Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

3.8K
When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
3.8K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.8K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.8K
Motivational Bias01:25

Motivational Bias

493
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
493
Methods of Documentation III: PIE01:21

Methods of Documentation III: PIE

1.8K
Problem-intervention-evaluation (PIE) is a systematic approach to documentation used in healthcare settings for clinical decision-making and patient care planning. It is a structured approach to organizing patient data based on problems, interventions, and evaluations. Here's a breakdown of its key features and considerations:
1.8K
Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value01:13

Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value

1.9K
In healthcare diagnostics, laboratory tests play a crucial role in identifying and diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. However, interpreting test results is not always straightforward. An abnormal test result does not always confirm the presence of a disease, just as a normal result does not guarantee its absence. To assess the reliability of these diagnostic tools, healthcare practitioners rely on two key statistical indicators: sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity is the...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Recommendations for Conduct, Methodological Practices, and Reporting of Cost-effectiveness Analyses: Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine.

JAMA·2016
Same author

Good medical ethics.

Journal of medical ethics·2014
Same author

Deactivation of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.

Progress in cardiovascular diseases·2012
Same author

Prioritizing registered donors in organ allocation: an ethical appraisal of the Israeli organ transplant law.

Current opinion in critical care·2012
Same author

Should patients receive general anesthesia prior to extubation at the end of life?.

Critical care medicine·2012
Same author

Ethical and legal views regarding deactivation of cardiac implantable electrical devices in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

The American journal of cardiology·2011
Same journal

Zygotes are Persisting Organisms.

The Journal of medicine and philosophy·2026
Same journal

Ethical Examination of Genetic Enhancement from the Perspective of Confucian Human Dignity.

The Journal of medicine and philosophy·2026
Same journal

Reproducing Anachronism: Ageing, Fertility and Inequality in Reproductive Governance.

The Journal of medicine and philosophy·2026
Same journal

Genetic Moral Enhancement-A View Based on Mencius' Theory of Human Nature.

The Journal of medicine and philosophy·2026
Same journal

Egalitarian Justice and the Prevalence Principle in Human Genome Editing.

The Journal of medicine and philosophy·2026
Same journal

"It's Shaking Your Entire Construction as a Human Being": A Qualitative Analysis on Epistemic Injustice and Medical Gaslighting Consequences in Patients Living with Chronic Pain.

The Journal of medicine and philosophy·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
06:05

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

3.2K

Reflections on the patient preference predictor proposal.

Dan W Brock1

  • 1*Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. dan_brock@hms.harvard.edu.

The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
|February 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surrogate decision-making for incompetent patients often fails. The proposed Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) may not overcome psychological biases inherent in predicting patient treatment preferences, challenging sole reliance on autonomy.

Keywords:
surrogate decision making

More Related Videos

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance
13:20

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

Published on: December 5, 2025

1.4K
E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
06:28

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
06:05

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

3.2K
Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance
13:20

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

Published on: December 5, 2025

1.4K
E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
06:28

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Patient Autonomy

Background:

  • Surrogate decision-makers frequently misinterpret incompetent patients' treatment wishes.
  • Existing tools like advance directives have shown limited effectiveness in improving surrogate decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of Rid and Wendler's Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) proposal.
  • To address limitations in surrogate decision-making for incompetent patients.
  • To explore the balance between patient autonomy and well-being in surrogate decisions.

Main Methods:

  • The study critiques the PPP proposal, which aims to predict patient treatment preferences based on similar patients.
  • It examines the underlying assumptions of the PPP regarding surrogate knowledge and decision-making biases.
  • Analysis considers empirical psychology findings on decision-making errors.

Main Results:

  • The PPP proposal is unlikely to eliminate significant decision-making errors identified in empirical psychology.
  • Sole reliance on patient autonomy may be insufficient when surrogates make decisions.
  • Patient well-being should be given independent consideration.

Conclusions:

  • The PPP proposal may not adequately address the complexities of surrogate decision-making.
  • A balanced approach considering patient well-being alongside substituted judgment is necessary.
  • Further research is needed to improve the accuracy of treatment decisions for incompetent patients.