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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

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Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
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Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

59
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction01:29

Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction

58
Definition Diabetes insipidus is a disorder marked by the production of large amounts of dilute urine because of impaired vasopressin production, release, or kidney response. The lack of effective vasopressin action limits water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts, which leads to excessive urinary water loss and intense thirst.Clinical PresentationIndividuals with diabetes insipidus report persistent thirst and very high urine output. In severe cases, fluid intake can reach up to 20...
58
Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology

29
Normally, water balance is maintained through three interconnected mechanisms: the hypothalamic thirst center, the synthesis and release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin), and the kidneys' responsiveness to this hormone. ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus, released from the posterior pituitary, and acts on the distal nephron, allowing water reabsorption and concentrated urine production.Diabetes Insipidus and Its TypesIn diabetes insipidus (DI), this regulatory system is...
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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

1.2K
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

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Silent diabetic nephropathy.

Katia López-Revuelta1, Patricia Peña Galdo1, Ramona Stanescu1

  • 1Katia López-Revuelta, Patricia Peña Galdo, Leticia Parejo, Unidad de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain.

World Journal of Nephrology
|February 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) history face higher risks of kidney disease progression. Tighter glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%) may also accelerate kidney function decline in these individuals.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseDiabetic nephropathyHistopathological diagnosisPredictors of progressionSilent disease

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus.
  • Identifying risk factors for DN progression is crucial for patient management.
  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in diabetic patients and may influence renal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk of renal events in patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy.
  • To identify factors associated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective collection of clinical and histological data from 60 patients with diabetic nephropathy.
  • Exclusion of patients with other suspected nephropathies.
  • Definition of the primary endpoint as initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression (KDIGO 2012 definition).

Main Results:

  • 45 patients were included with a median follow-up of 3.4 years; 62% reached the endpoint, with 21 requiring dialysis.
  • Independent risk factors for renal survival included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at biopsy, history of CVD, and HbA1c levels.
  • Reduced eGFR, presence of CVD, and HbA1c < 7% were associated with increased risk of DN progression.

Conclusions:

  • A history of cardiovascular disease is a significant risk factor for diabetic nephropathy progression.
  • Lower HbA1c levels (< 7%) may be associated with an increased risk of eGFR decline in patients with DN.