Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.4K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
2.4K
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

23
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence...
23
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

26
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
26
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

15
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
15
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

53
The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
53
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

22
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
22

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction to: Real-world outcomes of thrombectomy for distal medium vessel occlusions in the Middle East and North Africa region: a multicenter registry analysis.

Neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Premorbid vulnerability beyond stroke severity: Prognostic value of the modified frailty index-5 in young adults undergoing endovascular thrombectomy.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Premorbid frailty (mFI-5) and functional recovery after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.

Neurological research·2026
Same author

Cerebrovascular Manifestations of Neurosarcoidosis - An Overview.

Vascular health and risk management·2026
Same author

Classic Raymond syndrome.

BMJ case reports·2026
Same author

MENA-adapted guidelines for acute ischemic stroke management: a regional approach to global evidence.

Neurological research·2026
Same journal

Hypothalamus as a conductor of the migraine prodrome: A narrative review.

Headache·2026
Same journal

New academic year in Headache.

Headache·2026
Same journal

Essential readings in headache medicine: Top 10 educational articles from 2025.

Headache·2026
Same journal

Pain reduction and tolerability of mirogabalin in trigeminal neuralgia: A prospective observational study.

Headache·2026
Same journal

Risk of hypertension after CGRP antagonist treatment in migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Headache·2026
Same journal

Nummular headache responsive to suzetrigine, a novel, selective sodium channel antagonist.

Headache·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

4.0K

Headache in autoimmune diseases.

Seby John1, Rula A Hajj-Ali

  • 1Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Headache
|February 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Headaches can signal central nervous system (CNS) involvement in autoimmune diseases. Early recognition and treatment of headaches are crucial to prevent severe neurological damage.

Keywords:
central nervous system vasculitisprimary angiitis of the central nervous systemprimary headachesecondary central nervous system vasculitissecondary headache

More Related Videos

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

19.1K
Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache
05:40

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

4.0K
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

19.1K
Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache
05:40

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Autoimmune diseases involve systemic or localized inflammation, potentially causing ischemia and tissue damage.
  • Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is common in autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis.
  • Headache is a frequent, though often non-specific, symptom of CNS involvement in autoimmune conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the presentation of headaches associated with autoimmune diseases.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing headache as a potential early sign of CNS involvement.
  • To discuss differential diagnoses, including important mimics of autoimmune-related headaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on autoimmune diseases and neurological manifestations.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations of headaches in the context of systemic inflammatory disorders.
  • Comparison of headache characteristics in autoimmune diseases versus other neurological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Headache is a common manifestation of CNS involvement in autoimmune diseases.
  • Headache characteristics can be unspecific, making early diagnosis challenging.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management of headaches are vital to prevent neurological sequelae.

Conclusions:

  • Headache can be the initial symptom of CNS involvement in autoimmune diseases.
  • Timely intervention for headaches is essential for managing autoimmune conditions and mitigating neurological complications.
  • Distinguishing autoimmune-related headaches from mimics is critical for appropriate patient care.