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Sustained brain activation supporting stop-signal task performance.

M E Hughes1, T W Budd, W R Fulham

  • 1Brain and Psychological Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic. 3122, Australia.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|February 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that sustained activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and parietal cortex is crucial for maintaining stop goals during stop-signal tasks. This frontoparietal network supports goal-directed behavior and inhibitory control.

Keywords:
frontoparietal networkfunctional magnetic resonance imaginggoal-directed behaviourresponse inhibition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Stop-signal tasks assess goal-directed behavior, requiring intermittent maintenance of a stop goal during a reaction time task.
  • Previous research did not consistently link dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation to goal maintenance during these tasks.
  • The DLPFC, along with the parietal cortex, is theoretically implicated in supporting sustained goal maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of a dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and parietal cortex network in supporting ongoing stop-signal task performance.
  • To test the hypothesis that this frontoparietal network is essential for maintaining the stop goal.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a blocked functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design.
  • Compared brain activation across three conditions: Stop (respond and inhibit), Go (respond only), and Passive (attention only).
  • Employed contrast masking to isolate brain regions specifically involved in stop goal maintenance.

Main Results:

  • A distributed corticothalamic network showed greater activation in the Stop condition compared to the Go condition.
  • Following contrast masking (Stop vs. Passive), sustained activation was observed specifically in the right DLPFC and bilateral parietal cortex.
  • These findings highlight a right-dominant frontoparietal network's role.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained activation of the right-dominant frontoparietal network supports stop goal processes during the stop-signal task.
  • This network is critical for maintaining inhibitory control and goal-directed behavior in the context of the task.
  • The study provides evidence for the neural basis of goal maintenance in executive functions.