Physical activity: an important adaptative mechanism for body-weight control
Carmine Finelli1, Saverio Gioia1, Nicolina La Sala1
1Center of Obesity and Eating Disorders, Stella Maris Mediterraneum Foundation, C/da S. Lucia, Chiaromonte, 80035 Potenza, Italy.
ISRN Obesity
|February 18, 2014
Summary
Regular physical activity (PhA) is linked to lower body weight and fat mass, suggesting its crucial role in weight management. Understanding the interplay between energy balance, PhA, and NEAT is key to controlling body composition.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Metabolism
- Obesity Research
Background:
- Energy expenditure is a key factor in weight management.
- Physical activity (PhA) and nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) contribute significantly to daily energy expenditure.
- The relationship between energy balance, physical activity, and body composition requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current concepts of energy expenditure.
- To evaluate the role of physical activity (PhA) in weight control within the context of energy expenditure.
- To explore the potential influence of nutrient intake and body composition on spontaneous physical activity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of energy expenditure and physical activity.
- Analysis of existing research on weight control and body composition.
- Discussion of the physiological mechanisms linking energy balance, PhA, and NEAT.
Main Results:
- Regular PhA is consistently correlated with lower body weight and fat mass.
- Negative fat balance appears secondary to a negative energy balance.
- NEAT and PhA are critical components in the physiology of weight change.
Conclusions:
- Physical activity plays a vital role in achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight and composition.
- Further research is needed to resolve whether nutrient intake or body composition changes influence spontaneous physical activity levels.
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