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Vascular Tissue Engineering: Building Perfusable Vasculature for Implantation
Liqiong Gui1, Laura E Niklason2
1Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT ; The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering
|February 18, 2014
Summary
Vascular tissue engineering advances have created implantable human blood vessels for clinical trials. This field now focuses on generating perfusable vascular networks and addressing clinical translation challenges.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Tissue and organ replacement is a critical medical need.
- Vascular tissue engineering initially aimed to create small-diameter vascular grafts.
- The field has advanced to generating complex, perfusable vascular networks for implantation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review cutting-edge techniques in vascular tissue engineering.
- To highlight advancements in creating implantable human blood vessels.
- To discuss the use of stem cells for vascularization and clinical translation challenges.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on vascular tissue engineering techniques.
- Analysis of approaches for generating perfusable microvascular networks.
- Examination of stem cell applications in endothelial cell generation.
Main Results:
- Several techniques have enabled implantable human blood vessels, reaching clinical trials.
- Novel methods allow the construction of complex perfusable microvascular networks.
- Stem cells are utilized for generating endothelial cells crucial for vascularization.
Conclusions:
- Vascular tissue engineering has progressed significantly, leading to clinical applications.
- Generating functional microvascular networks remains an active area of research.
- Overcoming challenges is essential for the widespread clinical adoption of vascular tissue engineering technologies.
