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Dermatitis artefacta: a retrospective analysis.

Derya Uçmak1, Mehmet Harman, Zeynep Meltem Akkurt

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Dermatology, Dicle University , Diyarbakir , Turkey.

Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology
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Summary

Dermatitis artefacta (DA) is a self-inflicted skin condition often diagnosed by dermatologists. This study analyzed 25 cases, finding it predominantly affects young females and requires psychiatric consultation, though treatment is often refused.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Psychiatry
  • Psychosomatic Medicine

Background:

  • Factitial dermatitis, also known as dermatitis artefacta (DA), is a self-inflicted skin condition.
  • DA falls within the spectrum of factitious diseases, where individuals consciously create skin lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with dermatitis artefacta.
  • To understand the presentation and management challenges of DA.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of patient files and photographs from 2002-2012.
  • Ascertainment of demographic features and lesion characteristics.
  • Follow-up calls to patients.

Main Results:

  • 25 patients (mostly female, mean age 25.6) were identified with DA.
  • Lesions commonly appeared on extremities (44%) and face (27%), with crusted erosions and excoriations being most frequent.
  • Half of the patients required hospitalization, and most refused psychiatric consultation or medication.

Conclusions:

  • Dermatitis artefacta is often diagnosed by dermatologists despite being a psychiatric disorder.
  • Thorough history and physical examination are crucial for diagnosis due to its varied presentation.
  • Effective psychiatric treatment remains a challenge.