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Quantitative trait loci mapping for kernel row number using chromosome segment substitution lines in maize.

F Li1, H T Jia1, L Liu1

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

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Researchers identified 11 quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling kernel row number (KRN) in maize. Four QTL were consistently expressed across environments, offering valuable targets for improving maize grain yield.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Agricultural science
  • Maize breeding

Background:

  • Grain yield in maize is influenced by yield-related traits, such as kernel row number (KRN).
  • Understanding the genetic basis of KRN is crucial for enhancing maize grain yield through genetic improvement.
  • Kernel row number (KRN) is a key component directly impacting maize grain yield.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with kernel row number (KRN) in maize.
  • To evaluate the stability of KRN-associated QTL across different environmental conditions.
  • To assess the potential of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) for improving maize breeding programs.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of 130 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) using Nongxi531 (donor) and H21 (recipient) parents.
  • Detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for KRN using stepwise regression and single-factor ANOVA across three environmental settings.
  • Evaluation of phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL and identification of QTL expressed across multiple environments.

Main Results:

  • Eleven quantitative trait loci (QTL) for kernel row number (KRN) were identified.
  • Each QTL explained 9.87-19.44% of the phenotypic variation for KRN.
  • Four QTL were consistently detected across more than two environments, indicating stable expression.
  • The developed CSSLs possessed a higher number of favorable alleles for KRN compared to the recipient parent H21.

Conclusions:

  • The identified QTL provide valuable genetic targets for marker-assisted selection to improve KRN in maize.
  • The stable QTL are robust across different environments, facilitating their application in breeding programs.
  • The CSSLs represent a valuable resource for developing improved H21 maize lines with enhanced KRN and grain yield.