Differential behavior between S100A9 and adiponectin in coronary artery disease. Plasma or epicardial fat
Rosa María Agra1, Elvis Teijeira-Fernández1, Domingo Pascual-Figal2
1Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Insights
Plasma S100A9 levels are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This inflammatory marker
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- S100A9 is an emerging inflammatory marker linked to obesity and cardiovascular disease.
- Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is recognized as an inflammatory contributor in coronary artery disease (CAD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate S100A9 levels in both plasma and EAT.
- To determine the association between S100A9 and CAD.
Main Methods:
- Collected blood and adipose tissue (EAT and SAT) from 89 patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
- Quantified plasma S100A9 and adiponectin using ELISA.
- Measured S100A9 mRNA expression in fat tissues via real-time PCR.
Main Results:
- Plasma S100A9 levels were significantly higher in CAD patients compared to controls (29 vs. 17 ng/mL, p=0.007).
- Elevated plasma S100A9 correlated with the number of coronary lesions (p=0.002).
- EAT showed higher S100A9 expression than SAT, with a positive correlation between neutrophils and EAT S100A9 (p=0.007).
Conclusions:
- Plasma S100A9 is elevated in chronic CAD.
- The lack of difference in EAT S100A9 suggests distinct inflammatory pathways in blood versus EAT during CAD.
Aims:
S100A9 is a new inflammatory marker associated with obesity and cardiovascular disease. Because epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is an inflammatory source in coronary artery disease (CAD), our aim was to evaluate the S100A9 levels in plasma and EAT and its association with CAD.
Main Methods:
Blood, EAT and/or subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies were obtained from 89 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Plasma S100A9 and adiponectin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and mRNA expression in both fat pads and were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Key Findings:
Our results have shown higher levels of plasma S100A9 in patients with CAD than those without (29 [10-50] vs. 17 [3-28] ng/mL; p=0.007). They were dependent on the number of injured-coronaries (p=0.002) with tendency toward negative association with plasma adiponectin (p=0.139). Although EAT expressed higher levels than SAT and their levels were higher in CAD patients, this last difference did not reach statistical significance. However, there was a positive correlation between neutrophils and EAT S100A9 expression (p=0.007) that may reveal an increase of neutrophil filtration on this fat pad.
Significance:
Plasma S100A9 levels are increased in chronic CAD. The absence of differences regarding EAT S100A9 expression levels indicates a differential inflammatory process between fat tissues and blood in CAD process.
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