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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
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Alternative pre-mRNA splicing.

Stacey D Wagner1, J Andrew Berglund

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing is a key eukaryotic gene regulatory process. This overview covers splicing types, functional roles, phylogenetic variation, and implications in human disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Alternative pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing is a fundamental mechanism for gene regulation in eukaryotic organisms.
  • It allows a single gene to encode multiple protein isoforms, increasing proteomic diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of alternative splicing.
  • To discuss its functional significance, phylogenetic variations, and role in human diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on alternative splicing.
  • Analysis of functional impacts and evolutionary patterns of splicing.

Main Results:

  • Alternative splicing encompasses diverse mechanisms and significantly impacts protein function and biological outcomes.
  • Splicing patterns exhibit considerable variation across different species.
  • Both regulated and potentially stochastic processes contribute to transcript diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing is crucial for eukaryotic gene regulation, protein diversity, and adaptation.
  • Dysregulation of alternative splicing is implicated in various human diseases.
  • Understanding alternative splicing is vital for comprehending gene function and disease mechanisms.