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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

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Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
25
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

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Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Related Experiment Video

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Bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury: current perspectives.

Yuehai Pan1, Bin Liu, Ruijun Li

  • 1Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
|February 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently causes neurogenic gastrointestinal dysfunction and fecal incontinence (FI), significantly impacting quality of life. This review explores management strategies and pathophysiology for improving SCI patient outcomes.

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Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to permanent gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction.
  • Neurogenic GI dysfunction is a direct consequence of compromised motor and sensory nervous integrity.
  • Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in SCI patients results in sensory loss, incomplete bowel evacuation, immobility, and reduced anal sphincter tone, increasing fecal incontinence (FI) risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current management perspectives for SCI-related GI dysfunction.
  • To discuss pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurogenic GI dysfunction.
  • To highlight practical concepts for evaluating and improving quality of life (QOL) in SCI patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current SCI management strategies.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms of neurogenic GI dysfunction.
  • Discussion of practical evaluation and improvement concepts for SCI patient QOL.

Main Results:

  • Fecal incontinence (FI) is a common and profoundly life-altering symptom for SCI patients.
  • Management strategies focus on addressing autonomic nervous system dysfunction and its consequences.
  • Improvements in evaluation and practical concepts are crucial for sustaining SCI patient quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of SCI-related GI dysfunction is essential for improving patient quality of life.
  • Understanding pathophysiology aids in developing targeted interventions.
  • Current practical concepts offer pathways for better patient care and outcomes.