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Related Experiment Videos

Vascular smooth muscle calcium channels.

C van Breemen1, C Cauvin, H Yamamoto

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Miami Medical School, Florida 33101.

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Vascular smooth muscle Ca channels control muscle contraction. This study reviews different Ca channel types and proposes a model for altered Ca metabolism in hypertension, suggesting Ca antagonists may lower blood pressure.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Vascular smooth muscle calcium (Ca) channels are critical for excitation-contraction coupling.
  • Multiple types of Ca channels exist, activated by depolarization, agonists, or Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).
  • A basal Ca leak also contributes to vascular tone, especially when SR Ca accumulation is impaired.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on vascular smooth muscle Ca channels.
  • To describe the different mechanisms of Ca entry and release.
  • To present a theoretical model for Ca metabolism in hypertension and the potential role of Ca antagonists.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on vascular smooth muscle Ca channels.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of Ca channel activation by depolarization, agonists, and SR release.
  • Examination of Ca leak mechanisms and their contribution to tension.
  • Differential sensitivity analysis to procaine to identify distinct SR Ca channels.
  • Development of a theoretical model for hypertension-related Ca metabolism.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified at least two plasmalemmal Ca channels activated by depolarization.
    • Evidence for agonist-activated Ca channels in conduit arteries.
    • Described Ca release from SR mediated by channels sensitive to Ca, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, and ATP.
    • Suggested two distinct excitable Ca channels in vascular smooth muscle SR, plus a basal Ca leak.
    • Proposed a model for altered vascular smooth muscle Ca metabolism in hypertension.

    Conclusions:

    • Vascular smooth muscle Ca channel function is complex, involving multiple pathways for Ca entry and release.
    • Hypertension may involve alterations in vascular smooth muscle Ca metabolism.
    • Ca antagonists offer a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing blood pressure by modulating Ca channels.