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Related Concept Videos

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

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α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

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Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas01:17

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas

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Sulfonylureas are oral hypoglycemic agents utilized in treating type 2 diabetes. They are characterized by their unique sulfonylurea chemical structure. The family of sulfonylureas is divided into generations. First-generation sulfonylureas, including tolbutamide (Orinase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), and tolazamide (Tolinase), trigger insulin release from pancreatic β cells and enhance peripheral tissues' insulin sensitivity. The second-generation members, such as glipizide...
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

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Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
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Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

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Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
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Voglibose: an alpha glucosidase inhibitor.

Ajay S Dabhi1, Nikita R Bhatt2, Mohit J Shah3

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Sir Sayajirao General Hospital , Gujarat, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|February 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) causes severe complications due to high blood sugar after meals. Voglibose is an effective alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that is well-tolerated and offers a good therapeutic option for managing hyperglycemia.

Keywords:
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors (αGI)Postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPHG)

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health concern with rising incidence.
  • Macro-vascular and micro-vascular complications are significant burdens of DM.
  • Poorly controlled postprandial hyperglycemia is a primary driver of these complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the key features of voglibose.
  • To discuss voglibose as a therapeutic option for managing postprandial hyperglycemia in Diabetes Mellitus.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
  • Focus on clinical data and tolerability of voglibose.

Main Results:

  • Voglibose is an effective alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.
  • Voglibose demonstrates good tolerability at effective doses.
  • It offers comparable efficacy to other drugs in its class.

Conclusions:

  • Voglibose is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for postprandial hyperglycemia in Diabetes Mellitus.
  • It represents a valuable therapeutic choice for patients with DM.