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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional 3D Model
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A multiphase model for three-dimensional tumor growth.

G Sciumè1, S Shelton2, Wg Gray2

  • 1Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padua, Italy ; Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, France.

New Journal of Physics
|February 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study models tumor evolution using multiphase porous media mechanics, predicting growth based on cell density, nutrients, and adhesion. The model accurately describes multicellular tumor spheroids, confined tumors, and tumor cords, offering insights into anticancer strategies.

Keywords:
Finite Elementscell adhesionmultiphase systemsporous mechanicstumor cordtumor growthtumor spheroid

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Mathematical Biology
  • Computational Oncology

Background:

  • Existing mathematical models for tumor growth often oversimplify, compromising physical accuracy.
  • Tumor mass is a complex multiphase medium involving extracellular matrix, tumor cells, healthy cells, and interstitial fluid for nutrient transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend multiphase porous media mechanics to model tumor evolution using Thermodynamically Constrained Averaging Theory (TCAT).
  • To predict tumor growth rate based on various biological and mechanical factors.
  • To validate the model with experimental data and explore its application in anticancer strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Governing equations derived from Thermodynamically Constrained Averaging Theory (TCAT).
  • Finite Element method employed for solving the complex equations.
  • Modeling of multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS), confined MTS, and tumor cords.

Main Results:

  • Model validation with experimental data for MTS growth, showing biphasic behavior and a Gompertzian pattern.
  • Prediction of necrotic core formation in MTS (>150 μm) and a formula for necrotic core size estimation.
  • Analysis of confined tumors revealing reduced growth due to cell adhesion and nutrient transport; infiltration potential is linked to relative cell adhesion.

Conclusions:

  • The multiphase porous media model provides a physically sound framework for tumor evolution.
  • Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix is a key driver of tumor infiltration and growth dynamics.
  • The model can predict tumor behavior in various scenarios and optimize anticancer therapeutic strategies.