Paediatric drug development: the impact of evolving regulations

M A Turner1, M Catapano2, S Hirschfeld3

  • 1University of Liverpool, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Crown Street, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK.

Insights

Developing medicines for children requires significant effort within existing regulatory frameworks. This review examines paediatric drug development progress and outlines future directions for optimizing children's medicine accessibility.

Area of Science:

  • Paediatric pharmacology
  • Regulatory science
  • Drug development

Background:

  • Increasing recognition of the need for child-adapted medicines over recent decades.
  • Established legal and regulatory frameworks in the EU and US support paediatric drug development.
  • Significant advancements in paediatric drug development work compared to 10 years ago.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically appraise the evolution of paediatric medicine development within existing legal and regulatory frameworks.
  • To identify how current practices can be generalized for broader application.
  • To outline current work and future opportunities in paediatric drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the development of medicines for children.
  • Critical appraisal of work conducted within established regulatory frameworks.
  • Utilizing the Global Research in Paediatrics (GRiP) Network of Excellence's work programme as a template.

Main Results:

  • Proof-of-concept established across all segments of the paediatric drug development pipeline.
  • Increased volume of work in paediatric medicine studies.
  • Current regulatory frameworks offer potential that requires significant effort to fully realize.

Conclusions:

  • Despite progress, substantial effort is needed to maximize the potential of current regulatory frameworks for paediatric drug development.
  • Generalizing successful paediatric drug development practices is crucial.
  • Future work should focus on optimizing the pipeline based on established frameworks and ongoing research networks.

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
408
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
3.0K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
967
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
410
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
554
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
1.0K