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Preparation of Keratin Hydrolysate from Chicken Feathers and Its Application in Cosmetics

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A flowchart for selecting an ointment base.

Jeannine M Conway¹, Michael C Brown²

¹College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

|February 22, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A flowchart significantly improved students' ability to select appropriate ointment bases in laboratory settings. This tool enhanced practical skills without increasing calculation, procedure, or labeling errors.

Keywords:

compounding decision-making flowchart nonsterile compounding ointment

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Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Sciences
Pharmacy Education

Background:

Selecting appropriate ointment bases is a crucial skill for pharmacy students.
Traditional teaching methods may not fully equip students with practical decision-making abilities for base selection.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance pharmacy students' competency in selecting suitable ointment bases.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a flowchart-designed educational tool in improving practical skills.

Main Methods:

A flowchart was developed to guide students in choosing the correct ointment base.
Students utilized the flowchart during both dry and wet laboratory sessions throughout a semester.
Student performance was assessed via a practical examination requiring ointment base and levigating agent selection.

Main Results:

Student success in selecting the correct ointment base increased significantly from 51/101 (pre-flowchart) to 169/212 (post-flowchart) (p<0.001).
No significant differences were observed in calculation, procedure, or labeling errors after flowchart implementation.
The flowchart proved effective in improving accuracy in base selection within a dry laboratory context.

Conclusions:

Implementing a flowchart is an effective strategy for improving students' skills in selecting appropriate ointment bases.
The flowchart enhances practical application of knowledge in pharmaceutical compounding.
This educational intervention offers a valuable tool for pharmacy curriculum development.