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Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

Published on: February 23, 2024

Corticotomy-assisted orthodontics.

Jorge Cano¹, Julián Campo², Elena Bonilla³

¹DDS, MSc, PhD. Lecturer. Department of Buccofacial Medicine and Surgery. School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid. Spain.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry

|February 22, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Alveolar corticotomy significantly accelerates orthodontic treatment in adults, reducing treatment time by up to two-thirds. This technique also aids in root coverage and enhances post-treatment stability.

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Last Updated: May 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

Orthodontics
Periodontology
Oral Surgery

Background:

Adult orthodontic treatment presents unique challenges, including longer treatment durations and aesthetic demands.
Alveolar corticotomy is an established surgical technique for accelerating tooth movement.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the historical background, biological and orthodontic fundamentals, and clinical applications of alveolar corticotomy in accelerating orthodontic treatment for adults.
To evaluate the efficacy of corticotomy-assisted orthodontics in reducing treatment time and improving outcomes in adult patients.

Main Methods:

Literature review encompassing historical data, biological principles, orthodontic fundamentals, and clinical case reports.
Analysis of studies reporting on corticotomy techniques, their impact on orthodontic treatment duration, and associated procedures like alveolar bone grafting.

Main Results:

Alveolar corticotomy can reduce orthodontic treatment time by up to two-thirds compared to conventional methods.
The procedure, combined with alveolar bone grafting, facilitates dental arch expansion and ensures adequate root coverage.
Reported clinical cases suggest corticotomy-assisted orthodontics is a promising adjuvant for adult treatment without active periodontal disease.

Conclusions:

Corticotomy-assisted orthodontics offers significant advantages for adult patients, primarily reduced treatment time and improved post-orthodontic stability.
Further controlled prospective and histological studies are necessary to fully understand tooth movement dynamics, long-term stability, and the microstructural effects on dental and bone tissues.