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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

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Behçet's disease presenting as a peripheral vestibulopathy.

Alison S White1, Rachael L Taylor2, Celene McNeill3

  • 1Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
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PubMed
Summary

Acute vestibular syndrome with hearing loss can indicate Behçet's disease, not just vestibular neuritis. Early diagnosis of autoimmune causes is crucial for audiovestibular symptoms.

Keywords:
Behçet’sHearing lossVestibular

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Prolonged acute spontaneous vertigo is often attributed to vestibular neuritis or posterior circulation ischemia.
  • Vestibular neuritis rarely presents with associated hearing loss, necessitating a broader differential diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 66-year-old male experienced acute vestibular syndrome with profound unilateral hearing loss, initially diagnosed as vestibular neuritis.
  • Over a decade, he developed characteristic manifestations of Behçet's disease: oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and erythema nodosum.
  • Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in his remaining hearing ear responded to immunomodulation, strongly suggesting an autoimmune etiology.

Findings:

  • The patient's audiovestibular symptoms, including hearing loss, were ultimately linked to an autoimmune process, specifically Behçet's disease.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering autoimmune disorders in patients presenting with acute vestibular syndrome and hearing impairment.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should investigate non-vestibular neuritis causes, such as ischemic, infectious, and autoimmune conditions, when hearing loss accompanies acute vestibular syndrome.
  • Prompt identification and management of autoimmune-related audiovestibular dysfunction can prevent further hearing loss and systemic complications.