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Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Simultaneous Long-term Recordings at Two Neuronal Processing Stages in Behaving Honeybees
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Simultaneous Long-term Recordings at Two Neuronal Processing Stages in Behaving Honeybees

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Olfactory coding in the honeybee lateral horn.

Edith Roussel1, Julie Carcaud2, Maud Combe1

  • 1Research Center on Animal Cognition, Université de Toulouse (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; Research Center on Animal Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

Current Biology : CB
|February 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Honeybees

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Olfactory system research
  • Insect behavior

Background:

  • Insects use olfactory systems for foraging and social communication.
  • The honeybee brain processes odors in the antennal lobe, mushroom bodies, and lateral horn.
  • The lateral horn's role in olfactory coding is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate odor representation in the honeybee lateral horn.
  • Determine how the lateral horn contributes to olfactory perception.
  • Analyze the segregation of floral and pheromone signals.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo calcium imaging in honeybees.
  • Stimulation with floral volatiles and social pheromones.
  • Analysis of neural activity patterns in the lateral horn.

Main Results:

  • Consistent neural activity observed in the lateral horn for both floral and pheromone stimuli.
  • Odor-specific maps identified, with similar odorants showing similar spatial activity.
  • Odor representations in the lateral horn predict behavioral responses to floral odorants.
  • Distinct representations for different bee pheromones were found.

Conclusions:

  • The honeybee lateral horn contains odor-specific maps crucial for olfactory processing.
  • This brain region segregates pheromone information, enabling specific social behaviors.
  • Findings advance understanding of olfactory coding in social insects.