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[Interpretation of thyroid incidentalomas in (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies]
C Achury1, M Estorch1, A Domènech1
1Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, España.
Thyroid incidentalomas on (18)F-FDG PET/CT scans are common. Focal uptake indicates an 11% malignancy risk, warranting ultrasound and biopsy, while diffuse uptake suggests benign disease.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
Context:
- Thyroid incidentalomas detected during (18)F-FDG PET/CT are frequently encountered.
- The clinical significance and management of these incidental findings remain debated.
- This study reviews experience with detecting and following up thyroid incidentalomas.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the detection rate and clinical significance of thyroid incidentalomas found in (18)F-FDG PET/CT.
- To assess the risk of malignancy associated with focal and diffuse thyroid uptake.
- To guide follow-up strategies for incidental thyroid findings on PET/CT.
Summary:
- A retrospective review of 4085 (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies identified thyroid incidentalomas in 2.03% of patients.
- Of 46 patients with focal thyroid uptake, 11% were diagnosed with neoplastic disease.
- Diffuse thyroid uptake was generally associated with benign pathology, unlike focal uptake.
Impact:
- Focal thyroid incidentalomas on (18)F-FDG PET/CT carry a significant risk of malignancy.
- Recommends ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration for focal thyroid incidentalomas.
- Highlights the benign nature of diffuse thyroid uptake on PET/CT.
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