Root canal morphology of primary molars: a micro-computed tomography study

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Pediatric Dentistry
• Dental Anatomy

Background:

• Primary molars are crucial for maintaining space in the dental arch.
• Accurate knowledge of root canal morphology is essential for effective endodontic treatment in primary teeth.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the root canal morphology of primary molar teeth using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Main Methods:

• Micro-CT scanning of primary maxillary and mandibular molars (n=20 each) at 16.7 μm resolution.
• Analysis of canal parameters including number, location, volume, area, SMI, roundness, diameters, and length.
• Statistical comparison of data using t-tests and ANOVA.

Main Results:

• No significant statistical differences were found in canal length, SMI, dentine thickness, area, roundness, and diameter between primary molars.
• Double canal systems were observed in mesial roots of mandibular molars and mesio-buccal roots of maxillary molars.
• Apical third cross-sections revealed flat canals in mandibular molars and ribbon/oval canals in maxillary molars.

Conclusions:

• The external and internal anatomy of primary first molars closely resembles that of primary second molars.
• This detailed morphological data can enhance clinicians' understanding of root canal variations in primary molars.
• Improved understanding facilitates better management strategies for shaping and cleaning during root canal treatment.