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Continuous Hydrologic and Water Quality Monitoring of Vernal Ponds
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Characteristic mega-basin water storage behavior using GRACE.

J T Reager1, James S Famiglietti1

  • 1Department of Earth System Science, University of California Irvine, California, USA ; UC Center for Hydrologic Modeling, University of California Irvine, California, USA.

Water Resources Research
|February 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hydrologists can now model global water storage using precipitation and basin characteristics. This method extends the short Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data record, aiding future water resource predictions.

Keywords:
GRACEglobal hydrologymodelremote sensingstorage

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Area of Science:

  • Hydrology
  • Climate Science
  • Remote Sensing

Background:

  • Global-scale hydrological data is limited, hindering understanding of large river basins.
  • NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission provides crucial terrestrial water storage data for basins over 200,000 km².
  • Monthly resolution data from GRACE enables new studies of hydrological behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a time series model for basin-averaged terrestrial water storage anomalies.
  • To address the limitations of the short GRACE data record (10 years).
  • To generalize storage response functions based on large-scale basin characteristics for global application.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a parametric spectral method to analyze frequency-domain transfer functions of storage response to precipitation.
  • Generalized transfer functions using basin characteristics like forest cover and temperature.
  • Modeled global-scale water storage anomaly time series using precipitation, average basin temperature, and land-surface variables.

Main Results:

  • Temperature, soil water-holding capacity, and forest cover significantly control relative storage variability.
  • Basin area and mean terrain slope were found to be less influential.
  • Derived empirical relationships accurately modeled global water storage anomalies (0.54 ≤ E ≤ 0.84).

Conclusions:

  • Developed an accurate empirical model for global terrestrial water storage anomalies.
  • The model successfully uses precipitation, temperature, and land-surface variables, extending beyond the GRACE observational period.
  • This approach enables synthesis of basin storage time series, gap-filling between GRACE missions, and prediction of future basin storage.