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Neurovascular unit on a chip: implications for translational applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biotechnology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for brain function but difficult to study in vivo.
    • Existing in vitro models lack key cellular components and predictive power for drug efficacy and toxicity.
    • Current models fail to adequately represent the complex interactions within the neurovascular unit.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a 3D, multicompartment microphysiological system modeling the human brain's neurovascular unit.
    • To recapitulate all three critical brain barriers: blood-brain, brain-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood-CSF.
    • To enable the study of neurovascular interactions, drug transport, and disease mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing innovative microfluidics and organotypic microphysiological systems.
    • Incorporating primary and stem cell-derived human cells, including neurons, glia, and immune cells.
    • Integrating a blood-surrogate supply, venous return, and choroid plexus for realistic simulation.

    Main Results:

    • The system successfully models key brain barriers and cellular interactions.
    • Demonstrates potential for studying chemical communication, molecular trafficking, and inflammation.
    • Initial use of Cytomegalovirus models BBB-regulated infections.

    Conclusions:

    • This novel platform offers a more accurate in vitro model of the human brain.
    • It has the potential to advance drug discovery, personalized medicine, and understanding of neurological diseases.
    • The technology will enable targeted interventions for chronic diseases and acute injuries, and identify drug adverse effects.