Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

3.7K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
3.7K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

269
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
269
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

32.7K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
32.7K
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

9.2K
9.2K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.7K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.7K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

3.7K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quality of life of X-linked agammaglobulinemia patients in the United Kingdom.

Journal of human immunity·2026
Same author

Navigating primary and secondary immunodeficiency intersections: how to find IEI hidden within SID.

Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2026
Same author

MOGAD in South Wales: Diagnostic Evolution and Disease Epidemiology.

European journal of neurology·2026
Same author

TAP-I Deficiency Presenting With Chronic Granulomatous Rubella Virus-Driven Cutaneous Ulceration: A Case Report and Scoping Literature Review.

Journal of clinical immunology·2025
Same author

CXCL13 as a Biomarker of Complex Common Variable Immunodeficiency.

Journal of clinical immunology·2025
Same author

Treatment outcomes in patients with VEXAS syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.

The Lancet. Rheumatology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays
06:03

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.5K

The variable in common variable immunodeficiency: a disease of complex phenotypes.

Stephen Jolles1

  • 1Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|February 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a complex antibody deficiency. Stratifying CVID patients by clinical phenotypes and biomarkers improves risk assessment and guides management strategies for better outcomes.

Keywords:
Antibody deficiencyBiomarkerCommon variable immunodeficiencyImmunoglobulinPrimary immunodeficiency

More Related Videos

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

8.9K
Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
08:04

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

Published on: July 9, 2014

14.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays
06:03

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.5K
Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

8.9K
Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
08:04

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

Published on: July 9, 2014

14.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent severe primary antibody deficiency.
  • It is characterized by low immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM) and impaired antibody production.
  • CVID presents with diverse complications including infections, autoimmunity, and increased malignancy risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a practical framework for risk stratification in CVID.
  • To discuss clinical phenotypes and laboratory biomarkers for patient categorization.
  • To review current diagnostic and therapeutic advancements in CVID management.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of large cohort studies to define distinct clinical phenotypes.
  • Utilization of immunologic laboratory testing for patient stratification.
  • Review of existing literature on CVID complications and management.

Main Results:

  • CVID is a heterogeneous disorder with distinct clinical phenotypes.
  • Specific phenotypes (cytopenias, lymphoproliferation, enteropathy) are associated with significantly increased mortality.
  • Current understanding of molecular causes remains limited, with single gene defects identified in only 3% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Risk stratification using clinical categories and biomarkers is crucial for managing CVID.
  • Understanding and addressing infections, autoimmunity, and organ-specific complications are key.
  • Reducing diagnostic delay and exploring recent advancements in diagnostics and therapy are essential for improving patient care.