Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

5.2K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
5.2K
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

63
Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
63
Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

7.7K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.7K
Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death01:11

Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death

70
Cell death is the irreversible loss of cellular structure and function, representing the final stage of severe injury. It plays a key role in both normal physiology and disease.Types of Cell DeathThe two main types are necrosis and apoptosis, though others like necroptosis and pyroptosis also exist.Necrosis:Necrosis is an unregulated form of cell death caused by severe injury such as trauma, toxins, or ischemia. It is characterized by cell swelling, membrane loss, rupture, and leakage of...
70
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

99
Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
99
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

24
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
24

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

vIRA Inhibition of Antiviral Necroptosis and RIPK3 Binding Are Separable Events.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Characterizing the interactions between murine cytomegalovirus M72 and the carbon catabolite repression 4-negative on TATA-less (CCR4-NOT) complex.

Virology·2026
Same author

RIPK1 is required for ZBP1-driven necroptosis in human cells.

PLoS biology·2025
Same author

RIPK1 is essential for Herpes Simplex Virus-triggered ZBP1-dependent necroptosis in human cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Cooperative sensing of mitochondrial DNA by ZBP1 and cGAS promotes cardiotoxicity.

Cell·2023
Same author

Differential effects of CMV infection on the viability of cardiac cells.

Cell death discovery·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum
06:12

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum

Published on: May 3, 2024

3.4K

Programmed necrosis in microbial pathogenesis.

Haripriya Sridharan1, Jason W Upton1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Stop A5000, Austin, TX 78712-1191, USA.

Trends in Microbiology
|February 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Programmed necrosis, a form of regulated cell death, is increasingly exploited by pathogens during host-pathogen interactions. This review explores how viruses and bacteria manipulate programmed necrosis for infection and pathogenesis.

Keywords:
Coxsackie B virusEPECHuman adenovirusIRF3ListeriaMCMVMycobacteriumPKRRIP1RIP3SalmonellaTNFYersiniacell deathhost defenseinfluenzainnate immunitynecroptosisnecrosisreovirusvaccinia

More Related Videos

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis
08:55

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis

Published on: August 7, 2018

10.1K
Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death
10:23

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum
06:12

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum

Published on: May 3, 2024

3.4K
Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis
08:55

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis

Published on: August 7, 2018

10.1K
Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death
10:23

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Programmed cell death is crucial in host-pathogen interactions.
  • Apoptosis was considered the primary mechanism, but programmed necrosis has emerged as another key pathway.
  • Pathogens are increasingly recognized for their ability to induce or manipulate programmed necrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of programmed necrosis in host-pathogen interactions.
  • To highlight viral and bacterial pathogens that utilize programmed necrosis.
  • To explore the mechanistic details of pathogen manipulation of programmed necrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on programmed necrosis and infectious diseases.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms employed by pathogens.
  • Focus on specific viral and bacterial examples.

Main Results:

  • Programmed necrosis plays a significant role in host defense and infection outcomes.
  • Various viruses and bacteria induce programmed necrosis in host cells.
  • Pathogens have evolved strategies to exploit or evade programmed necrosis pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Programmed necrosis is a critical, yet complex, component of host-pathogen dynamics.
  • Understanding pathogen manipulation of programmed necrosis offers insights into disease control.
  • Further research into the molecular mechanisms is essential.