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Telogen effluvium revisited.
1University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy - rebdermo@unige.it.
Summary
Telogen effluvium (TE) is a hair shedding disorder with varied causes. Autoimmune TE is common, presenting with sudden hair loss, scalp pain, and stress triggers, often chronic and intermittent.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Trichology
- Immunodermatology
Background:
- Telogen effluvium (TE) is a complex hair loss condition with diverse classifications.
- The autoimmune subtype is frequently observed in clinical practice.
- Patients typically present with sudden, significant hair shedding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the characteristics of autoimmune TE.
- To highlight diagnostic features and patient presentation.
- To discuss potential management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Clinical observation and patient history analysis.
- Differentiating TE subtypes based on clinical presentation and hair shedding patterns.
- Reviewing analogies with other scalp conditions like alopecia areata.
Main Results:
- Autoimmune TE is the most common presentation, characterized by sudden hair loss ('by the handful').
- Patients often report anxiety, scalp sensitivity (trichodynia), and a chronic, intermittent course.
- Shed hairs predominantly show exogen roots, not telogen roots.
Conclusions:
- Autoimmune TE is a distinct entity with triggers like emotional stress and associations with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
- While etiopathogenesis is unclear, topical corticosteroids may be considered for treatment.
- Further research is needed for definitive treatment protocols.
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