Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.7K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
1.7K
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

47
Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
47
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

1.7K
γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
1.7K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

1.2K
Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
1.2K
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

2.5K
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mechanistically resolved prediction of compound hepatotoxicity using primary human liver spheroids-Application to recent real-world cases.

Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals·2026
Same author

Feed-Forward Deep Neural Networks Predict Substrate-Specific Effects of Transporter Variants to Explain Drug Response Variability.

Clinical and translational science·2026
Same author

Identification of Brimonidine as a Novel Substrate of Organic Cation Transporters OCT2 and MATE1 Expressed in Human Eye.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

Antineuronal antibody titres in autoimmune encephalitis: clinical implications for diagnosis and long-term immunotherapy.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Gene Portals: A Framework for Integrating Clinical, Functional, and Structural Evidence into Rare Disease Variant Classification.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Sleep magnetoencephalography enhances detection and source imaging of seizures and fast oscillations in focal cortical dysplasia.

Epilepsia·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons
08:04

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

Published on: June 6, 2025

1.5K

Genetic biomarkers in epilepsy.

Yvonne G Weber1, Anne T Nies, Matthias Schwab

  • 1Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, yvonne.weber@uni-tuebingen.de.

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics
|February 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Identifying genetic biomarkers is crucial for predicting epilepsy outcomes and personalizing antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy. This approach aims to improve treatment effectiveness and minimize adverse effects, moving beyond trial-and-error methods.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Obtaining High-Quality CSF and Blood Samples for Epilepsy Biomarker Discovery
10:46

Author Spotlight: Obtaining High-Quality CSF and Blood Samples for Epilepsy Biomarker Discovery

Published on: September 1, 2023

4.1K
Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
10:22

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

Published on: December 6, 2016

22.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons
08:04

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

Published on: June 6, 2025

1.5K
Author Spotlight: Obtaining High-Quality CSF and Blood Samples for Epilepsy Biomarker Discovery
10:46

Author Spotlight: Obtaining High-Quality CSF and Blood Samples for Epilepsy Biomarker Discovery

Published on: September 1, 2023

4.1K
Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
10:22

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

Published on: December 6, 2016

22.8K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Neurology
  • Personalized Medicine

Background:

  • Individualized therapy is vital in epilepsy treatment, but predictive markers for prognosis and treatment outcomes are limited.
  • Current antiepileptic drug (AED) selection relies on syndrome and side effects, not effectiveness, leading to unpredictable patient responses.
  • Epilepsy treatment often involves a trial-and-error approach due to the lack of reliable predictive biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of genomic factors in predicting epilepsy prognosis and response to AEDs.
  • To highlight the need for valid biomarkers to guide individualized epilepsy treatment strategies.
  • To summarize existing research on genetic influences on AED effectiveness and side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on genomic factors in epilepsy.
  • Analysis of studies investigating biomarkers for disease prognosis.
  • Examination of research on genetic influences on antiepileptic drug response and side effects.

Main Results:

  • Genomic factors significantly influence epilepsy prognosis and individual responses to AEDs.
  • Specific genetic variations can predict both treatment effectiveness and the likelihood of adverse drug reactions.
  • The field of pharmacogenomics offers promising avenues for personalized epilepsy management.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic biomarkers are essential for developing patient-tailored epilepsy treatment strategies.
  • Integrating pharmacogenomic data can optimize AED selection, improving patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to fully establish and implement genomic biomarkers in clinical epilepsy care.