Intracardiac echocardiography: evolving use in interventional cardiology

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Medical Imaging
• Ultrasound Technology

Background:

• Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) employs a catheter-based ultrasound probe inserted into the right heart chambers.
• It enables imaging of intracardiac structures from various positions within the right heart.
• ICE is utilized when transthoracic or transesophageal imaging is suboptimal or impractical.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current technology of intracardiac echocardiography.
• To explore the expanding applications of ICE in interventional cardiology.
• To highlight ICE's role in guiding complex cardiac procedures.

Main Methods:

• Utilizes a steerable, catheter-based ultrasound probe.
• Transducer positioning includes inferior vena cava, right atrium, and right ventricle.
• Provides real-time imaging during invasive cardiac procedures under conscious sedation.

Main Results:

• ICE is well-tolerated and provides adequate imaging for procedural success.
• Routine use in patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, and ventricular septal defect closures.
• Emerging applications in transcatheter aortic valve implantation and left atrial appendage closure.

Conclusions:

• Intracardiac echocardiography is a valuable tool in interventional cardiology.
• Its versatility supports accurate device placement and procedural guidance.
• ICE technology is integral to advancing minimally invasive cardiac interventions.