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Porcine circovirus: a historical perspective
1Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada.
Veterinary Pathology
|February 27, 2014
Summary
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) emerged as a significant swine pathogen, prompting extensive research into its biology and disease associations. This review clarifies its complex pathogenesis and historical context.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Animal Pathology
Background:
- Porcine circoviruses (PCVs) are small, nonenveloped viruses with single-stranded DNA, belonging to the Circoviridae family.
- Two main types, PCV1 and PCV2, are recognized, with PCV2 emerging as a global swine pathogen approximately 20 years ago.
Observation:
- The emergence of PCV2 led to a substantial increase in knowledge regarding the virus and associated diseases.
- Historical records of PCV2's discovery and the controversies surrounding its significance are limited.
Findings:
- This review synthesizes current understanding of PCV2 biology.
- It contextualizes contemporary knowledge with original studies that established PCV2's causal link to disease.
- The complex pathogenesis of PCV2 infections is examined in light of evolving research.
Implications:
- Provides a consolidated view of PCV2 research, aiding veterinarians and researchers.
- Highlights the importance of understanding viral evolution and disease emergence.
- Informs future strategies for managing and preventing PCV2-associated diseases in swine.
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