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Voltammetry is an electroanalytical technique in which the current flowing through an electrochemical cell is measured as a function of applied potential, typically under conditions of concentration polarization. The technique provides valuable information about redox-active species, and the current response is plotted as a voltammogram.
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Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)
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A disposable alkaline phosphatase-based biosensor for vanadium chronoamperometric determination.

Ana Lorena Alvarado-Gámez1, María Asunción Alonso-Lomillo2, Olga Domínguez-Renedo3

  • 1CELEQ and School of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José P.O. Box 11500-2060, Costa Rica. ana.alvaradogamez@ucr.ac.cr.

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This study presents a new electrochemical sensor for detecting vanadium ions. The method utilizes alkaline phosphatase enzyme inhibition on gold nanoparticle-modified electrodes, offering a sensitive and reliable approach for water analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Electroanalytical Chemistry
  • Biosensors
  • Environmental Monitoring

Background:

  • Vanadium ions are environmental contaminants with potential health impacts.
  • Accurate determination of vanadium in water is crucial for environmental safety.
  • Existing methods for vanadium detection can be complex or lack sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel chronoamperometric method for sensitive vanadium ion determination.
  • To utilize alkaline phosphatase inhibition as the basis for vanadium detection.
  • To validate the method's performance and applicability in real-world samples.

Main Methods:

  • Screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with gold nanoparticles were employed as the transducer.
  • Alkaline phosphatase was immobilized on the modified electrodes.
  • Vanadium ions' inhibitory effect on enzyme activity was measured via chronoamperometry using 4-nitrophenyl phosphate sodium salt as substrate.

Main Results:

  • The developed method achieved a low detection limit of 0.39 ± 0.06 µM for vanadium ions.
  • High repeatability (7.7%) and reproducibility (8%) were demonstrated.
  • Potential interferences from other metal ions were identified, with effects observed above 1.0 mM concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • The chronoamperometric method based on enzyme inhibition is effective for vanadium ion determination.
  • The sensor demonstrates good sensitivity and reliability for practical applications.
  • Successful application in spiked tap water samples validates its utility in environmental analysis.