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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Nursing
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Inpatient falls are a significant concern in hospital settings.
  • Dementia is a prevalent condition affecting older adults in hospitals.
  • Understanding factors contributing to falls in patients with and without dementia is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors associated with inpatient falls in elderly patients.
  • To compare fall characteristics between patients with and without dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study design.
  • Utilized a one-year dataset from Singapore General Hospital's electronic fall reporting system.
  • Included patients aged 65 years and older.

Main Results:

  • 298 falls occurred in patients aged ≥ 65 years.
  • Fallers with dementia were more likely to use ambulatory aids, have visual impairment, and urinary incontinence.
  • Fallers with dementia were more prone to confusion and falls during night shifts, while non-dementia fallers fell more during day shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Dementia is associated with specific fall-related risk factors including visual impairment, incontinence, and confusion.
  • Fall patterns differ between dementia and non-dementia patient groups.
  • The possibility of undiagnosed dementia in non-dementia fallers warrants consideration.