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Endothelin receptor polymorphisms in the cardiovascular system: potential implications for therapy and screening
Luise Holzhauser1, Ronald Zolty
1Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1400 Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA, luise.holzhauser@gmail.com.
Heart Failure Reviews
|February 27, 2014
Summary
The endothelin system, particularly endothelin-1 (ET-1), impacts cardiovascular health and disease. Endothelin receptor A (EDNRA) gene variations influence risks for conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and heart failure.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Molecular Medicine
- Pharmacogenetics
Background:
- The endothelin system, discovered in 1988, plays critical roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathology.
- Endothelin-1 (ET-1) regulates vascular tone, cardiac contractility, mitogenesis, and inflammation.
- ET-1 exerts its effects through two receptors, with distinct intracellular pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of ET-1 in major cardiovascular diseases.
- To discuss endothelin receptor polymorphisms and their clinical significance.
- To explore therapeutic and screening implications of these polymorphisms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of endothelin system functions.
- Analysis of studies linking endothelin receptor A (EDNRA) polymorphisms to cardiovascular diseases.
- Discussion of pharmacogenetic aspects of endothelin receptor antagonist therapy.
Main Results:
- ET-1 is implicated in vascular tone, cardiac function, and inflammatory processes.
- EDNRA polymorphisms are associated with increased risk and prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), heart failure, and hypertension.
- These polymorphisms may affect endothelin signaling and treatment response.
Conclusions:
- The endothelin system is a key player in cardiovascular pathologies.
- Endothelin receptor polymorphisms have significant implications for disease risk, prognosis, and pharmacogenetics.
- Targeting the endothelin system and considering receptor genetics offers therapeutic and screening opportunities.
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