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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Dimensional Analysis03:40

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Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach is: the units of quantities must be subjected to the same mathematical operations as their associated numbers. This method can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex and multi-step calculations involving several different quantities and their units.
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Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Electrically Conductive Scaffold to Modulate and Deliver Stem Cells
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Stem cells in a three-dimensional scaffold environment.

Xuan Meng1, Patrick Leslie1, Yanping Zhang2

  • 1Hospital & Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China ; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7512 USA ; Hospital & Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853 China.

Springerplus
|February 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Simulating the native stem cell niche in vitro is challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems offer promising models for studying stem cell behavior and mechanical force generation within their microenvironment.

Keywords:
Cell cultureExtracellular matrixScaffoldStem cellsTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Stem cells are crucial for tissue generation and maintenance.
  • Accurately simulating the native stem cell niche in vitro remains a significant challenge.
  • Understanding the in vivo stem cell niche is key to improving in vitro models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems for stem cell research.
  • To discuss the critical factors influencing stem cells within 3D growth matrices.
  • To explore novel methods for mimicking the native stem cell niche in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on 3D cell culture for stem cells.
  • Analysis of the roles of extracellular matrix, scaffolds, soluble factors, and cell-cell interactions.
  • Investigation of mechanical force sensing and generation by stem cells in 3D environments.

Main Results:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems provide valuable models for stem cell physiology.
  • Stem cell behavior is significantly influenced by the 3D growth matrix components and physical forces.
  • Mechanical forces and microenvironmental cues are critical for stem cell function.

Conclusions:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems are instrumental in advancing stem cell research.
  • Further development is needed to fully replicate the native stem cell niche in vitro.
  • Addressing challenges in 3D culture will enhance stem cell therapies and tissue engineering.