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Related Concept Videos

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

29
Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
29
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

40
Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
40
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

30
The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
30

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model
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Published on: October 10, 2025

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A pilot study of intervertebral disc replacement.

E R Ross1, V Tandon1

  • 1Hope Hospital, Eccles Old Road, Salford M6 8HD, UK.

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
|February 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial disc replacement surgery can significantly improve function for patients suffering from disabling back pain. This study shows improved Oswestry Disability scores after the procedure, indicating enhanced mobility and reduced pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurosurgery
  • Spinal Surgery

Background:

  • Back pain significantly reduces patient function.
  • Intervertebral disc degeneration is a common cause of back pain.
  • Surgical interventions aim to restore spinal function and alleviate pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of artificial disc replacement in restoring function in patients with back pain.
  • To assess functional outcomes following lumbar disc replacement surgery.
  • To determine if artificial disc replacement improves quality of life for patients with degenerative disc disease.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 46 patients undergoing artificial disc replacement (Link Charite 111 prosthesis).
  • Patients assessed pre-operatively and post-operatively using the Oswestry Disability Scoring system.
  • Data collected via postal questionnaires with a mean follow-up of 3 years.

Main Results:

  • The mean Oswestry Disability score significantly improved from 52.2 pre-operatively to 33.4 post-operatively (p = 0.001).
  • The study included patients with diagnoses such as degenerative disc disease, disc prolapse, and foraminal stenosis.
  • No immediate device failure or subsidence into vertebral bodies was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial disc replacement can effectively improve function and reduce disability in patients with back pain.
  • The Link Charite 111 prosthesis demonstrated acceptable short-to-medium term outcomes.
  • Disc replacement offers a viable alternative to fusion for select patients with debilitating discogenic pain.