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Neck circumference percentile: A screening tool for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Sherri Katz1, Kimmo Murto, Nicholas Barrowman
1Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Pediatric Pulmonology
|February 28, 2014
Summary
Children with large neck circumference (NC) have a higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This finding is significant for males aged 12 and older, suggesting NC as a potential screening tool.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Sleep Medicine
- Anthropometry
Background:
- Large neck circumference (NC) is a known risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults.
- Establishing age- and sex-specific reference ranges for NC in children is crucial for its use as a screening tool.
- Existing data lacks comprehensive NC reference ranges for pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop age- and sex-specific reference ranges for neck circumference (NC) in children aged 6-17 years.
- To investigate the association between elevated NC and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children.
- To evaluate NC as a potential screening tool for pediatric OSA.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a population-based dataset of 1,913 children to establish NC reference ranges.
- Collected NC data from 245 children aged 6-17 undergoing polysomnography.
- Analyzed the association between NC above the 95th percentile and OSA diagnosis, considering BMI and waist circumference thresholds.
Main Results:
- Children with NC above the 95th percentile showed a significantly increased risk of OSA (relative risk 1.7).
- The association between high NC and OSA was significant in males aged 12 years and older (relative risk 3.3).
- Elevated BMI (≥95th percentile) and waist circumference (>95th percentile) were not significant predictors of OSA in this cohort.
Conclusions:
- Neck circumference exceeding the 95th percentile for age and sex is a significant risk factor for OSA in children and youth.
- NC percentile is a more significant indicator for OSA risk in adolescent males than BMI.
- NC percentile shows promise as an additional, valuable screening tool for identifying children at risk of OSA.
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