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Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

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The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
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Dynamic Hedgehog signalling pathway activity in germline stem cells.

Z Sahin1, A Szczepny, E A McLaughlin

  • 1Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin-10, Turkey; Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Andrology
|February 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is active in adult rat male germline stem cells (SSCs). This pathway may use an autocrine loop to maintain undifferentiated SSCs, similar to cancer stem cells.

Keywords:
adult stem cellsspermatogonial stem cellstesticular cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Signaling

Background:

  • Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is crucial for stem cell development and cancer.
  • Its role in mammalian male germline stem cells (SSCs) remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and activity of Hh signaling in adult rat SSCs.
  • To determine if Hh signaling plays a role in maintaining SSC undifferentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an in vivo rat model with induced spermatogonial differentiation post-irradiation.
  • Employed in situ hybridization to detect Hh pathway component transcripts (Dhh, Ptc2, Gli1, Gli2).
  • Analyzed Hh signaling components in undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia.

Main Results:

  • Desert Hedgehog (Dhh) ligand and downstream targets (Ptc2, Gli1, Gli2) were detected in adult rat testes.
  • Undifferentiated spermatogonia in irradiated testes expressed Dhh, Ptc2, Gli1, and Gli2, suggesting an autocrine Hh signaling loop.
  • Hh pathway transcripts decreased upon induced differentiation, but Gli1 protein remained detectable in spermatogonia.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of active Hh signaling in mammalian male germline stem cells.
  • An autocrine Hh signaling loop may be essential for sustaining undifferentiated SSCs.
  • Hh signaling in SSCs shares similarities with mechanisms observed in cancer stem cells.