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Dentin biomodification potential depends on polyphenol source.

T R Aguiar1, C M P Vidal, R S Phansalkar

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|February 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Different plant extracts rich in proanthocyanidins (PACs) significantly enhance dentin properties. Their effectiveness depends on the specific chemical composition and concentration of PACs from sources like Vitis vinifera and Theobroma cacao.

Keywords:
biodegradationcollagencross-linking reagentmodulus of elasticitynatural resourcesproanthocyanidins

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are known to modify dentin.
  • The specific effectiveness of various PAC sources and their chemical composition on dentin remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To chemically profile natural PAC-rich plant extracts.
  • To evaluate the impact of these extracts on dentin properties, including modulus of elasticity, mass, and enzymatic biodegradation resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) for chemical profiling of 7 plant extracts.
  • Folin-Ciocalteau assays to determine total polyphenol content.
  • Assessment of dentin biomodification through mechanical testing and enzymatic degradation assays.

Main Results:

  • Extracts from Vitis vinifera, Theobroma cacao, Camellia sinensis, and Pinus massoniana, rich in polyphenols and PACs, significantly increased dentin's modulus of elasticity and mass.
  • UHPLC revealed diverse polyphenol profiles, including phenolic acids, oligomeric PACs, and condensed tannins.
  • All extracts offered protection against enzymatic degradation, with significant variations observed between different plant sources.

Conclusions:

  • The bioactivity of proanthocyanidins in dentin modification is source-dependent.
  • Dentin enhancement is a result of both the concentration and the specific chemical makeup of the complex PAC mixtures.