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Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with coronary artery disease: is Helicobacter pylori a risk factor?
Jamshid Vafaeimanesh1, Seyyed Fakhroldin Hejazi1, Vahid Damanpak1
1Clinical Research Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Insights
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is more common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Increased HP seropositivity correlates with the severity of CAD, suggesting HP may be a reversible risk factor.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is a global health concern.
- A potential association between HP infection and coronary artery disease (CAD) warrants investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively evaluate the association between HP infection and CAD in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
- To determine if HP infection prevalence differs between CAD-positive and CAD-negative individuals.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study involving patients suspected of having CAD.
- Coronary angiography performed using the Judkins method to classify patients into CAD positive (>50% stenosis) and negative groups.
- Serum HP IgG antibody levels measured to assess HP infection status.
Main Results:
- HP infection was more prevalent in the CAD-positive group (62 patients) compared to the CAD-negative group (58 patients).
- HP seropositivity increased with the number of affected coronary arteries: 76.3% in multiple vessel disease (MVD) and 70% in single vessel disease (SVD) versus 50% in controls (P=0.006).
- CAD-positive patients showed significant associations with lower HDL and higher ESR and CRP levels compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- HP infection is significantly more prevalent in patients with CAD.
- HP infection may represent a modifiable risk factor for CAD, pending confirmation of a causal link.
Background:
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is the most common infection in the world and coronary artery disease (CAD) is probably associated with it. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the association between HP infection and CAD in suspected patients referred for coronary angiography. The coronary angiography was performed using Judkins method and patients were assigned to participate in CAD positive (>50% luminal diameter stenosis) and negative groups. The serum HP IgG antibody was checked.
Results:
Positive and negative CAD groups consisted of 62 and 58 patients, respectively. HP was more prevalent among CAD+ patients, and with increasing the number of coronary arteries with stenosis, the HP seropositivity increased so that 76.3% of patients with multiple vessel diseases (MVD) and 70% of patients with single vessel diseases (SVD) were HP seropositive versus 50% in control group (P = 0.006). Positive CAD was significantly associated with HDL level (P = 0.01) and ESR level (P = 0.006). Also, CAD+ patients had higher CRP levels than controls and it was statistically different between SVD group and controls (P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
HP infection is more prevalent in CAD positive patients and, in case of proving causal relationship, it can be considered as a reversible risk factor for CAD.
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