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Diabetes prevention in Hispanics: report from a randomized controlled trial
Catherine Duggan1, Elizabeth Carosso2, Norma Mariscal2
1Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, N Seattle, WA 98109.
Preventing Chronic Disease
|March 1, 2014
Summary
A home-based lifestyle intervention significantly reduced hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in Hispanic adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes. This diabetes prevention program demonstrated effectiveness in improving glucose regulation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Preventive Medicine
- Diabetes Research
Background:
- Hispanic populations exhibit a higher risk for type 2 diabetes.
- Lifestyle interventions are proven effective for diabetes prevention and improving glucose regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based lifestyle intervention delivered by community health workers (CHWs) on glycemic control in Hispanic adults.
- To assess the intervention's impact on dietary habits and physical activity levels.
Main Methods:
- A parallel 2-arm randomized-controlled trial involving 320 Hispanic adults (≥18 years) with HbA1c > 6% in Washington State.
- Participants received either an immediate or delayed home-based educational curriculum focused on diabetes, diet, and physical activity.
- Intervention effects were measured by changes in HbA1c, fruit/vegetable intake, and physical activity frequency over 6 months.
Main Results:
- The immediate intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c levels (-0.64%) compared to the delayed group (-0.44%).
- No significant changes were observed in dietary endpoints or overall physical activity frequency.
- A trend indicated increased moderate and vigorous physical activity in the immediate intervention group.
Conclusions:
- A home-based lifestyle intervention facilitated by CHWs led to clinically and statistically significant reductions in HbA1c among Hispanic adults.
- The intervention shows promise for diabetes prevention and management in high-risk Hispanic populations.
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