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Silent reintroduction of wild-type poliovirus to Israel, 2013 - risk communication challenges in an argumentative

E Kaliner1, J Moran-Gilad, I Grotto

  • 1Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel.

Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin
|March 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Israel faced challenges when wild poliovirus 1 was detected via sewage monitoring, despite being polio-free. A supplemental oral polio vaccine (OPV) campaign was launched, highlighting crucial risk communication strategies for public health responses.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Israel was certified polio-free by the WHO, utilizing inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in its routine immunisation schedule.
  • Wild-type poliovirus 1 reintroduction was confirmed in Israel in May 2013, with documented human-to-human transmission.
  • Early detection occurred through sewage monitoring, preceding any active polio cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges faced by the Israeli Ministry of Health (MOH) during a poliovirus reintroduction.
  • To analyze the communication strategy developed to manage the public health response.
  • To optimize vaccination components and inform future risk communication for polio eradication.

Main Methods:

  • Risk assessment following the detection of wild poliovirus 1.
  • Implementation of a supplemental immunisation campaign using oral polio vaccine (OPV).
  • Review of communication strategies and public health response components.

Main Results:

  • Ongoing poliovirus transmission was identified through an early warning system (sewage monitoring) without clinical polio cases.
  • Significant challenges arose in risk communication due to the unusual detection method.
  • A supplemental OPV campaign was initiated to control transmission.

Conclusions:

  • The detection of poliovirus transmission via sewage monitoring presented unique risk communication challenges.
  • The developed communication strategy aimed to facilitate public health response, particularly vaccination efforts.
  • Lessons learned can guide risk communication in other countries during the 'End game' of polio eradication.

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