Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 2, 2026

Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice
Published on: December 4, 2020
Urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing bacteria in children: a matched
John Dotis1, Nikoleta Printza, Alexandra Marneri
1Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Hippokratio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. yandot@med.auth.gr.
Abstract:
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens are emerging as a cause of urinary tract infections (UTI) worldwide. In this matched-case control study, clinical characteristics and associated risk factors for ESBL UTI were evaluated. In a total of 463 positive urine cultures, 48 (10.4%) (from 39 patients, 23 boys) were phenotypically ESBL-producing bacteria. The most frequently isolated microorganism was , followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter cloacae. Children with ESBL UTI (n=39) were on prophylaxis more (21% vs. 6%, p=0.01), had higher rates of urinary tract anomalies (36% vs. 10%, p=0.0007), presented abnormal 99m Tcdimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) findings (i.e. scars) (23% vs. 4%, p=0.001), and had longer hospitalization (9.8 vs. 7.4 days, p=0.004) compared to those with non-ESBL UTI (n=117). The recognition of risk factors for UTI caused by ESBL bacteria in children may aid in the identification of high-risk cases and may enable proper management of these patients.
Related Concept Videos
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

