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Aortic valve replacement in children: Options and outcomes

Bahaaldin Alsoufi1

  • 1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association
|March 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric aortic valve replacement (AVR) presents unique challenges. This review examines various aortic valve substitutes and outcomes to guide optimal AVR choices for children based on individual characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Cardiovascular surgery
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease and rheumatic fever commonly affect the pediatric aortic valve (AV).
  • Aortic valve repair is preferred, but aortic valve replacement (AVR) becomes necessary due to severe destruction or repair failure.
  • Pediatric AVR involves unique challenges related to patient anatomy, social factors, and prosthesis selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review available aortic valve substitutes for pediatric patients.
  • To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different AVR options.
  • To analyze AVR outcomes in children across various subgroups and identify optimal strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of pediatric aortic valve replacement.
  • Analysis of outcomes based on patient age, anatomy, and specific pathologies.
  • Evaluation of different prosthetic valve types and their performance in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Various aortic valve substitutes exist, each with specific benefits and drawbacks.
  • Outcomes of pediatric AVR differ significantly based on patient-specific factors.
  • Identifying the most suitable AVR choice requires careful consideration of individual patient characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal pediatric aortic valve replacement necessitates a personalized approach.
  • Understanding the nuances of different valve substitutes and patient subgroups is crucial for successful outcomes.
  • Further research may refine AVR strategies for improved long-term results in children.

Keywords:
Aortic valve replacementCongenital heart diseaseMechanical valvesRheumatic feverRoss procedure

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