Balance within the Neurexin Trans-Synaptic Connexus Stabilizes Behavioral Control
Raymond A Clarke1, Valsamma Eapen2
1Ingham Institute, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney , Sydney, NSW , Australia.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|March 1, 2014
Summary
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) share genetic links to the neurexin trans-synaptic connexus (NTSC). NTSC balance is crucial for behavioral control, and its molecular stratification may clarify ASD and TS origins.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents with diverse behavioral deficits of unknown cause.
- Mutations linked to ASD often involve neurological pathways, notably the neurexin trans-synaptic connexus (NTSC).
- The NTSC regulates neuronal adhesion, circuitry, and neurotransmission, and its disruption is also associated with Tourette syndrome (TS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of the NTSC in the etiology of ASD and TS.
- To explore the relationship between NTSC molecular status and specific behavioral deficits.
- To determine how NTSC balance contributes to behavioral control and the specification of behavioral disorders.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of genetic lesions affecting the NTSC.
- Comparison of behavioral deficits associated with NTSC-related DNA changes in ASD and TS cohorts.
- Molecular and clinical characterization of patients based on NTSC status.
Main Results:
- Comparable DNA lesions impacting the NTSC are linked to a wide range of behavioral deficits, including those within and outside the autism spectrum.
- A strong association exists between NTSC-related genetic factors and Tourette syndrome.
- No clear link has been established between specific NTSC molecules/complexes and distinct behavioral deficits, suggesting a role for overall NTSC balance.
Conclusions:
- NTSC balance plays a fundamental role in stabilizing pre-behavioral control.
- Further stratification of ASD and TS based on NTSC status is essential.
- Elucidating NTSC function in conjunction with other molecular factors will define its role in behavioral control and deficits.
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